A range of signs and symptoms can occur when a person overdoses, and everyone responds differently. Signs and symptoms depend on a variety of factors including which drug is taken, the amount taken and the person’s state of health at the time.
If you can’t get a response from someone, do not assume they are asleep. Sometimes it can take hours for someone who has overdosed to die.
An overdose is a medical emergency that requires immediate medical attention. Always call an ambulance if you suspect someone has overdosed.
First Aid for an Overdose: What to Do
1. Check for danger
Make sure the area is safe for you before approaching the person.
2. Try to wake them
Gently shake their shoulder and speak loudly.
If they do not respond, treat it as an emergency.
3. Call 999 immediately
Tell the operator you think it may be an overdose.
Follow their instructions.
4. Check breathing
If they are breathing normally: move to step 5.
If breathing is slow, irregular, or stopped: begin CPR if you know how and follow 999 guidance.
5. Put them in the recovery position
Turn them onto their side to keep the airway clear and reduce the risk of choking.
6. Give Naloxone (if available)
If you suspect an opioid overdose and have naloxone, use it straight away.
Give further doses if advised by 999 or local guidance.
7. Stay with them until help arrives
Monitor breathing, keep them warm, and reassure them if they regain consciousness.
Do not give them food, drink, or more drugs.
8. When help arrives
Explain what you know, what they took, how much, and when (if known).
Stay nearby in case emergency services need more information.